Mitchell County, one of the counties which was settled after the Civil war, is
centrally located east and west, and is the second county south from Nebraska.
It is bounded on the north by Jewell county; on the east by Cloud and Ottawa; on
the south by Lincoln, and on the west by Osborne. The name was given it in honor
of Capt. William D. Mitchell, who enlisted in the Union army as a private
soldier in the second Kansas cavalry, and after being promoted to the rank of
captain was killed at Monroe's cross-roads, N. C., in 1865.
The honor of
being the first settler in Mitchell county is divided between Joseph Decker, who
located near Glen Elder early in 1866, and Hon. John Rees, who located in
Ashbury township at a date not definitely known, except that his son, S. G.
Rees, the first while child born in the county, was born in 1866. Mr. Rees
opened the first store in the county and kept the first postoffice, both at
Ashbury. The postoffice was established in 1869. Mr. Decker brought a large herd
of cattle with him, which the Indians drove away before fall. This so
discouraged him that he quit the country. In 1867 a number of people settled in
the county, and by early spring of 1868 the following had started improvements:
Thomas Howie and William Joiner, just below the forks of Asher creek; Mathias
Nelson, David Bogardus and B. Bell at the mouth of Plumb creek; Whit McConnell
and Tunis Bulis between Asher and Plumb creeks on the river; James Farrow and
James Duff just above Plumb creek on the river; H. A. Bell, John Whitehurst and
his sons, Vinton and Abraham, on the Solomon river where Beloit now stands; and
John Smith at Solomon Rapids. Andrew Peterson settled in Logan township in 1868.
Other early settlers were Abram Marshall, Charles Welsh, B. F. Moody and A. A.
Bell.
In Aug., 1868, roving bands of Cheyennes and Sioux visited the
settlements and lingered about the mouth of Plumb and Asher creeks for several
days, hoping to be able to steal something from the settlers. Finally, to
intimidate the settlers they called B. Bell and David Bogardus from their cabin
and shot them. Mrs. Bell was fatally wounded in attempting to avoid being
carried away. They killed Mr. Hewitt of Brown creek and wounded his son, two
sons of Abram Marshall and a man by the name of Thompson lost their lives in
pursuing the Indians, and two little daughters of A. A. Bell were stolen but
were afterward abandoned by the Indians and picked up by the settlers on the
Saline. A stockade was established at Howie's ranch, just below the forks of
Asher creek a few miles above the present town of Asherville, and nearly all the
settlers spent the next winter there. They were joined by George Ealand, William
Holton, John Cushing and John Owen. The latter, who led a wild life as a
trapper, was unanimously elected commander of the stockade. Finding his protests
in vain, he secretly packed his traps and fled to the headwaters of the
Cimarron. Shortly after the raid, company G of the Seventh U. S. cavalry made a
reconnoisance of the Solomon valley. The Indians managed to escape, although
hard pressed on two occasions. That fall the soldiers built a blockhouse on the
Solomon 2 miles south of Cawker City, but did not remain long.
Early in
1869 Dr. Rose of Junction City filed on the tract of land occupied by the
blockhouse, but was driven out by the Indians and killed near Glen Elder in
trying to make his escape. Later in the year the government established a post
west of Waconda and north of the river, in which Battery B of the Fourth U. S.
artillery, under Capt. H. C. Hasbrouck, was stationed. This company was relieved
in April, 1870, by G Troop of the Seventh U. S. cavalry, under Lieut. C. C. de
Rudio, with Lieut. McIntosh, a full blooded Chippewa, second in command. The
raids of the Indians became less frequent, but on May 9th a party of Cheyennes
and Arapahoes came upon four men—Lew J. Best, John Hatcher, R. G. F. Kshinka and
John A. Seger—on Oak creek near the west line of the county. The men made such a
determined resistance that the Indians gave it up, passed on down the river, and
made an attack at Glen Elder, killing Solomon Meiser, John Greer and a Mr.
Kenyon. Most of the settlers then took refuge in a stockade built on the farm of
George W. Stinson. The soldiers from the post followed the Indians, who divided
themselves into two bands and escaped. They reappeared three weeks later at
Cawker City, where John Seger led them into thinking the place well manned. They
then went on west and stole 10 horses from the ranch of Best & Hatcher, where a
dozen men were concealed, but did not dare attack the savages. The final raid
took place July 2, 1870. A settlement was made near the center of the county in
the spring of that year by C. J. Brown, G. W. Anderson, R. C. Clark and J. S.
Smith. They built a stockade and lived together. Civilization was then pretty
well established. The last buffalo seen in the vicinity was one which came down
the main street of Cawker City (then a town of 250 people), in July, 1872.
The first school houses in the county outside of Beloit, four in number,
were built in 1872, in Lulu, Bloomfield, Center and Solomon Rapids townships.
The first church was built in Blue Hills township, by the Baptists in 1873, the
second was built at Beloit by the Methodists in 1874. The first marriage was in
Asherville township between W. McConnell and Nancy Marshall in 1868.
The
county organization was effected in 1870, when the governor appointed as
commissioners J. M. Myers, William E. Schooley and Charles Brown, and as clerk
Don A. Peaslee. The commissioners held their first meeting in Oct., 1870. At the
first election Beloit was selected as county seat and the following officers
were chosen; Commissioners, C. L. Brown, William E. Schooley and Lew J. Best;
clerk, L. C. Smith; probate judge, James Britt; sheriff, W. B. Smith; county
attorney, Don A. Peaslee; treasurer, H. J. Messenger; superintendent of public
instruction, J. W. Elliott; coroner, J. W. Clark; representative, E. Harrison. A
court-house was built by T. F. Hersey at a cost of $4,000 and presented to the
county.
There were originally 17 townships, Asherville, Beloit,
Bloomfield, Blue Hill, Cawker, Cedar Creek, Center, Glen Elder, Hayes, Logan,
Lulu, Pittsburg, Plumb Creek, Salt Creek, Solomon Rapids, Turkey Creek, Walnut
Creek. Cedar Creek has disappeared and the following have been added, Carr
Creek, Custer, Eureka and Round Springs. Some of the early towns which have
disappeared from the map are, West Asher, Round Springs, Naomi, Pittsburg,
Elmira, Danville, Shockley, Springfield, Brown's Creek, Ulysses and Excelsior.
The principal towns and villages of the present are, Beloit, the county seat,
Asherville, Blue Hill, Cawker City, Glen Elder, Hunter, Scottville, Simpson,
Solomon Rapids, Tipton, Victor and Waconda Springs.
The Central Branch of
the Missouri Pacific railroad came through the county in 1879 and was aided by
the people to the extent of $50,000. The Solomon Valley road was extended from
Solomon City to Beloit the same year. The Missouri Pacific enters the county in
the northeast corner, runs southwest to Beloit, where it connects with the Union
Pacific, thence west through Solomon Rapids, Glen Elder and Cawker City, leaving
the county a few miles south of the northwest corner.
The general surface
of the county is rolling prairie with bottom lands about miles wide along the
Solomon river, and from one-quarter to one-half mile wide along the creeks. The
north and south forks of the Solomon join just within the western limits of the
county, forming the main river, which flows southeast into Cloud county. It has
several small tributary streams within the county, among them being Salt, Oak,
Brown's, Limestone, Walnut, Carl, Plumb and Asher creeks. Salt marshes are
plentiful in the southern part of the county and Waconda spring, at the place of
that name, is heavily laden with salt. Magnesian limestone and sandstone of good
quality for building material are extensively quarried along the bluffs.
Potter's clay and gypsum are found in several localities.
The area of the
county is 720 square miles or 460,800 acres, of which about 300,000 acres are
under cultivation. The total farm production in 1910 amounted to over
$4,000,000. The corn and wheat crops were almost even in value, running over
$1,000,000 each. Live stock for the same year was worth $750,000, and the
assessed value of property was $28,648,000. The population was 14,089, which
makes the wealth per capita about $2,100.
Contributed 2002 by Carolyn Ward, transcribed from Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc. ... / with a supplementary volume devoted to selected personal history and reminiscence. Standard Pub. Co. Chicago: 1912. 3 v. in 4.: front., ill., ports.; 28 cm. Vols. I-II edited by Frank W. Blackmar, Volume II, Pages295-298.
Avenue Hotel
Beloit
Chautaqua Park
Beloit
County Fairgrounds
Beloit
County Fairgrounds
Back of Postcard
County Courthouse
Beloit
County Courthouse
Beloit
County Courthouse
Back of Postcard
Grade School 1948
Beloit
Haymaking
near Beloit
Haymaking
Back of Postcard
Beloit High School
1932
"Land of the Post Rock"
Beloit
Corner of Main & Mill Streets
1911
Beloit
Main Street
Beloit
Main Street
Beloit
Main Street
1954
Beloit
Post Office
1930s
Beloit
Scene
Beloit
State Industrial School for Girls
Main Building
1915
Beloit
State Institution
Beloit
Solomon River
Beloit
Solomon River
Back of Postcard
St. Johns Church
Cawker City High School
1910
Cawker City
Cawker City Library
Cawker City
Waconda Springs
Cawker City
Glen Elder High School
Glen Elder
Glen Elder High School
Glen Elder
Flour Mill
1878
Beloit
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